Cystitis: Simple & Fast to the Right Treatment

Telemedicine today makes it possible to have a localized cystitis medically clarified online and to ensure the best possible treatment for you. Non-pregnant women can describe their symptoms via a questionnaire. A doctor will carefully check your information and decide whether this treatment path with prescription is the right one.

This approach is discreet, time-saving, and particularly practical if you need rapid assistance. It is important to answer all questions honestly and completely so that safe and appropriate treatment can be provided.

Cystitis, also medically known as inflammation of the bladder, is an inflammation of the urinary bladder. As long as the inflammation is limited to the urinary bladder, it is referred to as localized (formerly also: uncomplicated) cystitis. In most cases, it is caused by bacteria that enter the bladder via the urethra. Women are significantly more affected than men. The reason for this lies in anatomy: the female urethra is shorter, making it easier for bacteria to ascend into the bladder.

Typical symptoms of cystitis include a burning sensation during urination, frequent urge to urinate despite small amounts of urine, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, and pain or pressure in the lower abdomen. Some women also feel tired or slightly ill, even if they don't have a fever.

Cystitis is localized in many cases, but can be very painful. It is important to take it seriously, not to wait too long, and to consider existing individual risk factors, as the infection could otherwise spread, potentially leading to a systemic (formerly also: complicated) cystitis, including pyelonephritis.

In most cases, intestinal bacteria, often Escherichia coli, enter the urethra from outside and further into the bladder. There they adhere to the mucous membrane and multiply. The immune system reacts to this with inflammation to combat the pathogens.

Various factors can promote the development of cystitis. These include hypothermia, a weakened immune system, hormonal changes, for example during menopause, and sexual intercourse. Stress or insufficient fluid intake can also play a role.

In the body, the inflammation causes the bladder lining to become irritated. This leads to the typical urge to urinate and burning sensation during urination. If the infection is not treated, the bacteria can continue to ascend and, in the worst case, reach the kidneys. This is called pyelonephritis.

For a bacterial localized cystitis, both symptom-oriented therapy with painkillers and herbal remedies, as well as antibiotic therapy, are considered. The aim of the treatment is to quickly relieve symptoms and stop the inflammation. Both therapeutic approaches have advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of antibiotic therapy include faster symptom relief and a reduction in symptom duration by approximately one day, with the disadvantages of antibiotic side effects and the development of resistant bacteria. In favor of symptomatic treatment, 30-50% of localized cystitis cases heal within a week even without antibiotics. Supportive herbal preparations such as Canephron® or bearberry preparations can be prescribed here.

The antibiotic of choice, according to guidelines in Switzerland, is Nitrofurantoin. Depending on the individual situation, Fosfomycin, combinations like Trimethoprim and Sulfamethoxazole, or other antibiotics may also be considered. Which active ingredient is suitable for your situation depends, among other things, on the type of infection, possible pre-existing conditions, and individual factors. It is important that antibiotics are only used after medical review to avoid resistance and minimize side effects.

The correct treatment depends on the severity of the symptoms and whether it is a localized or generalized cystitis. In cases of mild symptoms, it may be sufficient to drink plenty of fluids, rest, and take supportive measures.

If the symptoms are more severe or persist longer, medicinal treatment is advisable. Painkillers, herbal medicines, and/or antibiotics can usually quickly relieve the infection and significantly improve symptoms. It is important to take the medications exactly as prescribed by the doctor and to complete the treatment fully, even if you are already feeling better.

Additionally, during treatment, you should ensure adequate fluid intake, regularly empty your bladder, and avoid cold temperatures.

Like all medications, antibiotics can have side effects. Common side effects affect the gastrointestinal tract, for example, nausea, diarrhea, or abdominal pain. Some women also report headaches or general malaise.

Less commonly, allergic reactions or skin rashes may occur. With certain antibiotics, the vaginal flora can also be affected, which can lead to fungal infections. Should unusual or severe symptoms occur, it is important to seek medical advice.

Some medications can influence the effect of antibiotics or vice versa. These include certain blood thinners, anti-epileptic drugs, or hormonal contraceptives. Herbal preparations or dietary supplements can also have interactions.

It is important to state which medications you take regularly before treatment. This way, the doctor can assess whether adjustments are necessary.

Not every treatment is equally suitable for every woman. Certain antibiotics, for example, may not be used, or only to a limited extent, during pregnancy or in cases of impaired kidney function. Known allergies to certain active ingredients must also be taken into account.

In cases of recurrent cystitis or additional symptoms such as fever, back pain, or flank pain, a more thorough clarification is necessary. In such cases, different therapy or further diagnostics may be required.

Home remedies cannot replace medical treatment, but they can relieve symptoms and support the healing process. Drinking plenty of fluids helps to flush bacteria out of the bladder. Heat applications, such as a hot water bottle on the lower abdomen, can relieve pain.

Rest and physical exertion are also important. Some women turn to bladder or kidney teas. These measures can be supportive but should not remain the sole treatment for persistent symptoms.

In many cases, compulsory health insurance covers the costs of medically prescribed medications, minus the deductible and excess. Whether a medication is reimbursed depends on whether it is listed on the specialties list.

It is worthwhile to inquire with your health insurance company if in doubt.

If symptoms worsen despite treatment or new symptoms such as fever, chills, or severe back pain occur, you should seek medical help immediately. This may indicate that the infection is spreading.

In cases of recurrent cystitis, a more thorough clarification is also advisable to identify possible causes and treat them specifically.

An untreated bladder infection can spread to the kidneys and cause pyelonephritis. This is significantly more serious and can be accompanied by severe pain, fever, and a general feeling of illness.

To avoid such complications, it is important to take symptoms seriously and act promptly.

Some remedies are available in pharmacies that can relieve symptoms, such as painkillers or herbal preparations. These can be supportive but do not replace antibiotic treatment for a bacterial infection.

Antibiotics require a prescription in Switzerland and should only be taken after medical review.

These articles are for informational purposes only and may not be used for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. They are not a substitute for personal medical advice and treatment. Medgate has carefully compiled the information, but cannot guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the information. Medgate assumes no liability for damages that may arise from the use of this information. Are you sick and need help? Our doctors are available to you around the clock via the Medgate App.